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EXODUS — 20:12 honor

EXOD427 One who speaks lashon hara about his oldest brother, his mother's husband, or his father's wife also transgresses the commandment to honor one’s parents, for Chazal (Kesubos 103a) derive--from the word וְאֶת in the pasuk: כַּבֵּ֥ד אֶת־אָבִ֖יךָ וְאֶת־אִמֶּ֑ךָ, “Honor your father and your mother” (Shemos 20:12)--that there is an obligation to honor these individuals. If one speaks lashon hara about his actual father or mother, Heaven forbid, then he certainly transgresses the commandment to honor one's parents, and as also is subject to the curse of ארור מקלה אביו ואמו, “Cursed is one who disgraces his father or mother” (Devarim 27:26), Hashem should protect us.

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EXODUS — 20:12 honor

EXOD415 Another example of a moral rule handled halakhically is the hallowed: "Honor thy father and thy mother" [this verse] and "You shall fear every man his mother and father" [Leviticus 19:3]. In the analysis given to these commands by the rabbis, vague admonitions were spelled out in concrete terms so that these moral concerns could be realized in the ordinary and varied situations of life. Thus, "honor" is construed as the obligation, should it be necessary, to feed, clothe, shelter, and escort one's parents, from the parents' resources when possible, but if not, from one's own resources. "Fear" is interpreted as reverence, to be expressed in not sitting in one's parent's chair and in not interrupting their conversation -- being respectful in speech and gesture, no matter how great the provocation. Parental authority is limited to the framework of the Torah. That is to say, parents need not be obeyed when their commands are contrary to the rules of the Torah. The rabbis also ruled that one did not have to follow his parent's advice in the selection of a mate. They also discuss the priorities that should obtain in honoring father, mother, and teacher. The principle was expanded to include one's older brother and the obligation to honor parents even after their death. (Sefer HaChinukh, mitzvot, 33,48, and 212.)

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EXODUS — 20:12 honor

EXOD423 It was taught: R. Shimon b. Yochai says: Great is the honoring of father and mother, the Holy One Blessed be He having preferred it to His own honor. For with respect to His honor it is written (Proverbs 3:9): "Honor the Lord from your wealth." "From your wealth"--If you have [money], you are obligated [in the performance of mitzvoth entailing expense], and if not, you are exempt. In respect to the honoring of parents, however, it is written: "Honor your father and your mother" -- even if you must go collecting from door-to-door [in order to do so] (Yerushalmi Peah)

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EXODUS — 20:12 honor

EXOD431 The love of father and mother should take the form of loving one's parents for having raised him and for having labored with him, and for having taught him God's ways, and for having shown him and guided him in Torah and mitzvos, and for having enabled him to fulfill the Blessed One's mitzvah [this verse]: "Honor your father and mother." And as to his brothers, sisters and other relatives, he should love them in consideration of their occupying themselves with him to elevate his character and to aid him in Divine service. And he should occupy himself with them, to teach them and to chastise them, without playing favorites. He will thereby receive great reward and he will be manifesting a great trait, as it is written (Tehillim 15:3): And he has not borne shame because of his relatives." A man derives much benefit from his relatives. Witness the case of Lot, whom Avraham rescued from the kings (Bereshis 14: 14-16) and for whom he fought and who was rescued even from Sodom in Avraham's merit (ibid. 19:29). And one should love his friends and all other Jews with perfect love, as it is written (Vayikra 19:18): "And you should love your fellow man as yourself." And this is a great principle in the Torah: "What you hate, do not do to your friend (Shabbos 31a). And even greater than this (Bereshis 9:6) "For in God's image did He make man" (Yerushalmi Nedarim 9:4).

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