LEV371 It was in the Greek way of life, not in ours, that a profound distinction was made between citizen and stranger. The Torah warns us to have one law for all. It is Demosthenes who bears testimony that a stranger was denied the rights of citizenship and that he had no right to protection by the local deities nor any share in the sacrifices offered to them. Since the stranger had no part in the religion of the Greeks, he had no claims to the benefits of their legislation. If he entered a sacred enclosure which the priest had set aside for the assembly, he was punished with death. In brief, the laws of the city did not exist for him. When found guilty of a crime and not enjoying legal protection, one can imagine the trial he had. He was treated as a slave and punished forthwith. These harsh rules were not a result, as in the case of Judaism, of defensive measures against persons disintegrating and corroding the empire of the Greeks, but of a cruel and barbaric strain in the "make up" of the Greeks and Romans. By way of contrast, examine the Jewish attitude towards the ger. From the Bible, it would appear that two types of such strangers are referred to: one was the ger toshav, the member of another nation who came to live in Palestine. The other was the ger tsedek, the member of another religion who sought acceptance "under the wings of the Shechinah" in his wish to embrace Judaism. The first type was the one who accepted the seven Noahidean precepts and had foresworn his idols and had become a sincere believer in monotheism. As a reward of his trust, he was entitled to civic and legally quality; he was not to be oppressed; interest was not to be charged him for any loan, nor could his wages be kept overnight [this verse]. He was to be given every opportunity for his economic welfare. This partial proselyte, who was admitted only when Israel dwelt in its own land, was respected as an honest seeker after truth. Apart from certain ritual disabilities, not having accepted Judaism in its entirety, he enjoyed equal rights in Jewish courts of law.