EXOD738 It is a negative commandment not to curse a judge as Scripture says, You shall not God [this verse] [which is interpreted to mean judges]. If someone cursed a judge by the Divine name or by a substitute name of God, he should receive whiplashes twice (over this prohibition, and over the injunction not to curse a fellow-Jew) (Ya-yikra 19:14). This verse of the Bible is also an admonition not to blaspheme Hashem. If someone blasphemed Hashem by a substitute Divine name, he would transgress a prohibition. If someone blasphemed Hashem by the Divine name itself, his punishment is stated explicitly: And he who blasphemes the name of Hashem shall surely be put to death; the entire community shall stone him (Ya-yikra 24:16). This is the case if one blasphemes, even if he retracts in the time it takes to say a few words. At the present time, however, when we do not judge capital cases, he is excommunicated, and we keep our distance from him.