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DEUTERONOMY — 24:17 pervert

DEUT1399 It is a negative commandment for a judge not to pervert justice for a proselyte or an orphan for Scripture says, You shall not pervert the judgment of a ger or an orphan [this verse]. If someone transgressed and did deal unjustly with the case of a convert or the case of an orphan, he would violate two prohibitions (one, You shall do no injustice in judgment -- Va-yikra 19:15; and one, this prohibition).

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DEUTERONOMY — 25:3 add

DEUT1416 It is a negative commandment not to strike one's father or mother since Scripture states, And he that strikes his father or his mother shall surely be put to death (Sh'moth 21:15). The admonition against it derives from the verse, he may not add more [this verse] … If a person inflicted a wound on his father or his mother, and there were witnesses and a [prior] warning, his execution should be by strangulation. If he struck him [his father] on the ear and deafened him, he would deserve death, since it is impossible that a drop of blood was not shed within. If he struck him without inflicting a wound, he is punishable as for [striking] any other Jew. If someone struck his father or his mother after their death, he is free of penalty. It is forbidden to do bloodletting [for reasons of health] on one's own father or mother [and so, of course, surgery]. If there is no other physician there, he is to do as they order him.

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DEUTERONOMY — 25:3 forty

DEUT1424 It is a negative commandment to strike no person whatever in Jewry. The admonition on this derives from the verse, Forty lashes he may give him; he may not add more [this verse]. For this is an injunction to strike no man whatever in Jewry: It is a kal va-homer, an inference by reasoning from the less to the more: When someone has become punishable by whiplashes, so that the Torah has given permission to strike him, Scripture commands to add nothing [to the flogging] when he is beaten. How much more certainly must this apply to other human beings. If someone strikes his fellow-man a blow entailing damages of less than a p'rutah [the smallest coin] he should receive whiplashes. But if the damages amount to more than a p'rutah (which means that he struck him a major blow, for which he becomes obligated to make payment of a p'rutah or more), since he becomes duty-bound to pay money he receives no whiplashes (but he does violate the prohibition). Even if a person [only] raises his hand against his fellow-man, he is called wicked. However, if someone delivers a blow in the course of discipline and education, he commits no transgression.

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